內容簡介
Molecular, genetic and modelling techniques are central to ecology, providing valuable new tools for addressing complex ecological questions. Genes in the Environment presents a review of the recent research in this exciting and rapidly developing field, illustrating how such techniques have provided considerable new insights into our understanding of the dynamics of populations and communities. A diverse range of topics are covered, including community dynamics in soils and water, gene flow and spatial dynamics, and the evolution of pathogenic and symbiotic relationships. Organisms studied range from bacteria, viruses and fungi to insects, plants and fish. New light is thrown on such questions as: what is the relationship between population dynamics and the spatial patterns of genetic variation observed in fragmented populations?; how is genetic variation maintained?; what are the relative roles of gene flow and selection in the maintenance of clines? This volume will appeal to both advanced students and researchers interested in developments at the interface of molecular biology and ecology.
目次
Part I: Gene Flow And Spatial Dynamics
1. Estimating Rates Of Gene Flow In Endemic Butterfly Races: The Effect Of Metapopulation Dynamics \ Dale E. Taneyhill, James B. Mallet, Ian Wynne, Steven Burke, Andrew S. Pullin, Robert J. Wilson, Roger K. Butlin, Melanie J. Hatcher, Bryan Shorrocks And Chris D. Thomas
2. Virus Transmission And Gene Flow Between Two Species Of The Dutch Elm Disease Fungi, Ophiostoma Ulmi And O. Novo-Ulmi: Deleterious Viruses As Selective Agents For Gene Introgression \ K. W Buck, C. M. Brasier, M. Paoletti And L. J. Crawford
3. The Population Genetic Consequences Of Range Expansion \ Oak Gallwasps As A Model System: Graham N. Stone, Rachel J. Atkinson, Gordon Brown And Antonis Rokas
4. A Genetic Perspective Of Drosophila Melanogaster Latitudinal Body Size Clines \ W. Jason Kennington, Julia Gockel, David B. Goldstein And Linda Partridge
5. Spatial Geometry Determines Gene Flow In Plant Populations \ Thomas R. Meagher And Christine Vassiliadis
6. Measuring Genetic Variation In Wild Populations \ From Molecular Markers To Adaptive Traits: G.R. Carvalho, C. Van Oosterhout, L. Hauser And A.E. Magurran
7. Have Recent Developments In Molecular Techniques Led To Greater Insight Into Evolutionary And Ecological Processes In Plant Populations? \ Ann Smithson And Mark R. Macnair
Part II: Microbial Community Dynamics In Soils And Water
8. The Role Of Genomics In Methylotrophic Bacteria For Understanding Biogeochemical Cycling \ Ludmila Chistoserdova And Mary E. Lidstrom
9. Microbiological Basis Of Land Use Impact On The Soil Methane Sink: Molecular And Functional Analysis \ D.B. Nedwell, J.C. Murrell, P. Ineson, D.S. Reay, S. Radajewski, N. Mcnamara, S. Morris
10. Molecular Genetic Analysis Of The Ammonia-Oxidising Bacterial Community In A Defined Hypereutrophic Freshwater Lake \ Corinne B. Whitby, Rosemary A. Meade, Grahame Hall, Jon R. Saunders, Roger W. Pickup And Alan J. Mccarthy
11. The Influence Of Selection Pressures On Species Diversity, Functional Gene Diversity And Activity Of Ammonia Oxidising Bacteria \ James I. Prosser, T. Martin Embley And Gordon Webster
Part III: Host-Pathogen Interactions
12. Mutualistic Interactions Amongst Viruses? \ M. Naylor, H.C.J. Godfray, D.W. Pallett, M. Tristem, J. P. Reeves And J. I. Cooper 13. The Ecology Of Turnip Mosaic Virus In Populations Of Wild Brassica Species \ A.F. Raybould, M.J. Alexander, E. Mitchell, M.I. Thurston, D.W. Pallett, P. Hunter, J.A. Walsh, M-L. Edwards, A.M.E. Jones, C.L. Moyes, A.J. Gray And J.I. Cooper
14. The Molecular Evolution Of Host Specificity In The Rhizobium-Legume Symbiosis \ J Peter W Young, Lesley A Mutch, David A Ashford, Adolphe Zeze And Karen E Mutch
15. The Existence And Persistence Of Genotypic Variation In Nucleopolyhedrovirus Populations \ D.J. Hodgson, R.B. Hitchman, A.J. Vanbergen, R.S. Hails, S.E. Hartley, R.D. Possee,, A.D. Watt And J.S. Cory
16. Host Dynamics And Pathogen Variation In Insect-Baculovirus Interactions \ Caroline M. Griffiths, Ross Mcvean, Rebecca Benmayor, Steve M. Sait, Dave J. Thompson, Robert D. Possee, Jenny S. Cory And Mike Begon
17. The Ecological Significance Of Symbiotic Micro-Organisms In Animals: Perspectives From The Microbiota Of Aphids \ A.E. Douglas, A.C. Darby, L.M. Birkle And K.F.A. Walters
Index
